A total joint replacement involves surgery to remove portions of an arthritic or injured joint and replace them with a prosthesis, which can be made of ceramic, plastic, or metal. The prosthesis is made to move similarly to a joint that is healthy and natural. The most common joint replacements are hip and knee replacements, however other joints, such as the elbow, shoulder, wrist, ankle, and knee, can also be replaced surgically. Where the ends of two or more bones converge, a joint is formed. The body is made up of various kinds of joints. For instance, because of its capacity to bend and straighten like a hinged door, the knee is referred to as a "hinge" joint. As "ball-and-socket" joints, the hip and shoulder allow the rounded end of one bone to slide into the cup-shaped portion of the other bone. Patients may contemplate joint replacement surgery as a result of a number of disorders that cause joint discomfort and dysfunction. Damage to the articular cartilage, which lines the ends of the bones, is frequently the source of joint discomfort. This damage can be from arthritis, fractures, or other conditions.
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